31.1.2015

T-50


T-50 oli neuvostoliittolainen toisen maailmansodan aikainen kevyt panssarivaunu. Joitain edistyksellisiä piirteitä omannut vaunu oli kallis valmistaa ja teknisesti epäluotettava. Niitä rakennettiin vain 69 kappaletta.

Vuonna 1939 Neuvostoliiton panssarijoukot alkoivat uudistua Espanjan sisällissodan kokemuksien perusteella. Alettiin suunnitella uutta vaunua, joka korvaisi T-26:n. Vaunusta oli tarkoitus tulla puna-armeijan tavallisin panssarivaunutyyppi. Piirustukset olivat valmiita tammikuussa 1941, mutta tuotanto ei voinut alkaa teknisten ongelmien vuoksi.

                                 Kaapattu T-50 (R-110) Äänislinna tammikuu 1944
        Vaunussa on kolmivärinen naamio maalaus ja suomen lippu tornin huipulla.                                                         
Samaan aikaan suunniteltiin Harkovan veturitehtaalla toista uutta panssarivaunua, jonka piti korvata BT-sarjan.
Vaunu, joka sai nimen T-34, oli hyvin panssaroitu, tehokas ja hyvin liikkuva.

Saksan hyökättyä Neuvostoliittoon vuonna 1941 suurin osa raskaasta sotateollisuudesta evakuoitiin Ural-vuorille, missä tuotanto alkoi. Vaunu oli hyvä, mutta kärsi vieläkin teknisistä ongelmista ja maksoi melkein yhtä paljon kun raskaampi ja parempi T-34, ja sen korvasi kevyenä panssarivaununa T-60 ja T-70 sekä muita kevyitä panssarivaunuja, jota Neuvostoliitto vastaanotti Lend-lease-avun kautta.
                                          Kaapattu T-50, kevät 1942 Äänislinna.

Vain 69 vaunua valmistettiin (joista vain 48 sai pääaseen) ennen kun tuotanto päättyi tammikuussa 1942. 

Harvat tuotetut vaunut käytettiin Leningradin rintamalla. Niiden taistelukelpoisuudesta tiedetään hyvin vähän, mutta niiden sanotaan pärjänneen vuonna 1941 kaikille saksalaisvaunuille hyvin. 

Suomalaiset saivat sotasaaliiksi yhden vaunun, joka on nykyisin esillä Parolan panssarimuseossa.

Vaunu oli monilta osin hyvä: vaunussa oli hitsattu, viistetty panssari, kolmen miehen torni, johtajalle kupoli (mikä tuli muihin neuvostovaunuihin vasta 1942), ja kaikissa vaunuissa oli radio. Vaunu, kuten neuvostovaunut yleensäkin, oli kuitenkin ahdas ja V-4-moottori teknisesti epäluotettava. Luotettavuusongelmien ja korkean hinnan takia tuotanto lopetettiin.

                             T50 parola 1.jpg
                                                         T-50 in Parola panssarimuseo
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T-50 light infantry tank
TypeLight infantry tank
Place of origin Soviet Union
Service history
In service1941-1945
Used by Soviet Union
 Finland
WarsWorld War II
Production history
DesignerS. Ginzburg, L. Troyanov, OKMO
Designed1939–41
ManufacturerFactory 174, Omsk
Produced1941–42
Number built69
Specifications 
Weight14 tonnes (14 long tons; 15 short tons)
Length5.20 m (17 ft 1 in)
Width2.47 m (8 ft 1 in)
Height2.16 m (7 ft 1 in)
Crew4

Armor12–37 mm (0.47–1.46 in)
Main
armament
45 mm Model 1938 gun (150 rds.)
Secondary
armament
7.62 mm DT machine gun
Enginemodel V-4 diesel inline-six engine
300 hp (220 kW)
Power/weight21 hp/tonne (16 kW/tonne)
Suspensiontorsion bar
Fuel capacity350 l (77 imp gal; 92 US gal)
Operational
range
220 km (140 mi)
Speed60 km/h (37 mph)
 T-50  Ps183-1 at the SteknV depot in Jyväskylä in autum 1945
Cocardes hawe replaced the swastikas.
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The T-50 was a light tank developed on the eve of World War II for the Red Army. The experience of the Spanish Civil War led to an effort to upgrade or replace the large Soviet tank fleet. Prior to 1939, most tanks in Red Army service were improved versions of foreign designs. For example, the most numerous tank, the T-26 light infantry tank, was a copy of the British Vickers 6-Ton tank with a Soviet-designed turret and 45 mm gun. However, just prior to and during the war, the USSR developed new light, medium and heavy tanks of wholly indigenous design. The T-50 light tank was intended to replace the T-26 infantry tank; in prewar planning, the T-50 was intended to become the most numerous Soviet tank, operating alongside the BT fast tank.

Development of the T-50 started as the SP project (Soprovzhdeniya Pekhoty, 'Infantry Support') in 1939 at the OKMO design bureau in the S.M. Kirov Factory Number 185 in Leningrad, under the direction of, and headed by, L. Troyanov and I. Bushnevov, to create a light tank replacement for the T-26 and BT tanks. Initial prototypes, called T-126 and T-127, were not much improved over the T-46-5 project which had been abandoned earlier that year, but the heavier T-126 was selected for further development. 
                                               T-50 Parola Tank museo

The design bureau was gutted during the Great Purge, and was unable to continue the project, so it was transferred to the K.E. Voroshilov Factory Number 174 in Leningrad, May 1940, where two prototypes from the Voroshilovsky and Kirovsky factories were tested. The first 2 vehicles were finished at Factory No. 174 in Leningrad in late 1940. Troyanov completed the T-50 design in January 1941. After a few modifications it was ready for delivery in April 1941. Production was then authorized, but due to technical problems, it was unable to proceed.
                                          Captured T-50 in Äänislinna 1942 
              The tank has winter camouflage, and the name Niki on the turret.

In the meantime, a replacement for the  BT fast tanks was developed and built at the Malyshev Factory (KhPZ) in Ukraine, which exceeded its original programme. The result was the very capable and economical T-34 medium tank.

After the German invasion, Operation Barbarossa in June, tank factories were ordered to be transferred to the Urals. Part of OKMO was moved to Omsk after September, and production was finally begun. The T-50 was of an excellent design, but still suffered from technical problems, and at that time was found to be as expensive to produce as the more capable T-34. 
                                                   T-50 Parola Tank museo

Much simpler T-60 light tanks were already being mass-produced. A total of 69 T-50 tanks were built (only 48 of them armed), before production ended in January 1942.

Some further infantry tank design work on a prototype, called the T-45, continued at Factory Number 174 and the Kirovskiy Factory Number 100. But faced with the need to accelerate T-34 production, and due to a lack of interest from troops in the field, the Soviet infantry tank concept was abandoned.
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Mustavalkoiset T-50 kuvat ovat kirjasta Suomen Panssarivaunut. 1918 - 1997  Esa Muikku / Jukka Purhonen / kustannus Oy Apali
The Finnish Armoured Vechiles by Apali.

7 kommenttia:

  1. I think the soviets had the edge in Tank design, the German machines were better but to technical and few

    VastaaPoista
    Vastaukset
    1. Hello.
      Yes.
      It is the just the Soviet Union was the country that created the first armored army.
      1930 - 1940 of about 130,000 tanks
      The Soviet Union (Ukraine, Kiev) also developed automated welding.
      They made first tank of diesel, aluminum decks and overhead cam shafts.
      The Soviet Union also turned the motor side (1944) and moved the pump motor onto the wagon mataloitui 30 cm.

      The second largest, a large country was France, where carriages were over 4500.
      Third Germany, which developed in the Soviet Union chariots, and also trained the crew
      In addition, the German wagons manufactured in Sweden, as well as airplanes
      Ju-87 which was a Rolls-Royce Kestrel engines and also the bombers.

      Soviet tank its very blind, and the turrets only two men.
      Both country uses only max 4 men
      French tank its little better see out, but the turret only one man

      German tank all 5 men and one is (only) tank boss
      german tank turret is allways 3 men
      3500 tank. about 500 was panzer-3 ja panzer-4 models

      Poista
    2. T 34-85 was the first "normal size" soviet tank who turret insides 3 men

      Poista
  2. It was certainly a time of changes and improvements!

    VastaaPoista
    Vastaukset
    1. Hello Rodger.
      Yes.
      Development take to long time, when is too many model and variations.
      Versus U.S tank manufacturing period, who was very fast.
      Thanks to marvelous and very big the car industrial productions..

      Poista
  3. I read some where that the Soviet tanks had wider Tracks to deal with snow mud ice, very clever

    VastaaPoista
  4. Yep.
    Same situation also today, the modern tank frontiers
    Same size soviet tank its also too, or little more powerful like western tank.
    Also much more lighter weight (about 15.000 - 20.000 kg) like western tank.
    Tracks width, and high turret top its much a lower than western tank.
    Only one small problem is.
    Soviet tank needs some western fine tecnologia parts,
    who means electro parts, microchip, etc...

    VastaaPoista

Any explosive ammunition or empty cores, you can put in this.