14.7.2015

Minelayers Ruotsinsalmi & Riilahti

Ruotsinsalmi was a minelayer of the Finnish Navy and the namesake of her class. Ruotsinsalmi was commissioned in 1940 and remained in service until 1975. The vessel was named after the battle of Ruotsinsalmi, which was fought between Sweden and Russia in 1790.
Funding for two new minelayers had been secured as early as in 1937, but instead the money was used to refurbish the garrison at Mäkiluoto.

Ruotsinsalmi: Battle of Svensksund

Ruotsinsalmi (Swedish-strait) and her sister vessel, Riilahti, (Riibay)
were intended as escort minesweepers for the Finnish navy's coastal defence ships Ilmarinen and Väinämöinen, and they were therefore designed with a draught of only 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in). Ruotsinsalmi was armed with one 75-millimetre (3.0 in) gun, one Bofors 40 mm guns and two Madsen 20 mm anti-aircraft cannons. The vessel had three mine dropping rails, and could carry about 100 mines. 
The ship could also hunt submarines, and was equipped with sonar, depth charge throwers and rails. The vessel was also strong enough to be able to tow mine sweeping equipment. It was equipped with smoke generators so it could protect itself and other near-by vessels from the enemy.

During the Continuation War
Ruotsinsalmi and Riilahti began mining the Gulf of Finland on 26 June 1941, immediately after the outbreak of the Continuation War. The first minefield, Kipinola, Ruotsinsalmi laid together with Riilahti south-east of Hanko which was intended to block Soviet seaways to Hanko. Same group laid already on 27 June the next minefield, Kuolemajärvi, north-west of Paldiski again to block route to Hanko. Another one, Valkjärvi, was laid on 29–30 June. 
Riilahti, the sister ship of Ruotsinsalmi
Career (Finland)
Name:Ruotsinsalmi
Namesake:Battle of Ruotsinsalmi (1790)
Builder:Wärtsilä Crichton-VulcanTurku
Launched:October 1940
Commissioned:1941
Decommissioned:1975
Fate:Decommissioned in 1975, scrapped in the 1990s
General characteristics
Class and type:Ruotsinsalmi-class minelayer
Displacement:310 t
Length:50.0 m (164 ft 1 in)
Beam:7.9 m (25 ft 11 in)
Draught:1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)
Propulsion:2 × Rateau diesel (835 kW (1,120 hp))
later
2 × MAN diesel (894 kW (1,199 hp))
Speed:15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Armament:[design]
1 × 75 mm
1 × 40 mm Bofors
2 × 20 mm/60 cal Madsen anti-aircraft cannons
About 100 mines (3 mine-laying rails)
Depth charge launchers
Smoke generators
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Ruotsinsalmi
Ruotsinsalmi together with Riilahti participated in ferrying the Finnish gunboats past Hanko in August 1941. After two failed attempts by gunboats to rendezvous with minelayers on the nights of 25-26 and 27–28 August the minelayers penetrated the Soviet minefield and met with the gunboats west of Hanko and then escorted them through to Helsinki on 29 August 1941.

Ruotsinsalmi again with Riilahti were sent on 21 November to as minesweeping escorts for convoy of German ships consisting of two tugs and a depot ship headed to west through the Soviet minebarrier south of Hanko. However in the dark the convoy deviated from the swept route and as the sweeping gear became entangled with mines it had stop. Before the convoy managed to resume its journey, tug Föhn slipped outside the swept area and sank after hitting a mine but the rest of the convoy reached its destination. 
The voyage back through the minebarrier with a convoy of freighters started at midnight of 3 December after the escort group had been strengthened with German minesweepers M 4 and M 7 and it took place without any incidents.

Ruotsinsalmi was Finland's most active minelayer during the Second World War, laying a total of 3,967 sea mines and 541 sweeping obstacles. She was forced to lay mines against the Germans after the end of the hostilities with the Soviet Union in an attempt to hinder German submarine activity.
                                                noggin for every man

She participated in the sinking of two Soviet submarines, Shch-317 on 15 July 1942 (along with VMV 16) and Shch-408 on 25 May 1943 (along with VMV 6).

After the war
Ruotsinsalmi had proven to be a sound design and well suited for its task. However, it continued to serve a number of different missions after the war. The ship ended its career as a diving support vessel (1973–1975). She was mothballed in Upinniemi, and there were plans to make her into a museum, but she was scrapped at the beginning of the 1990s, after the owners had failed to gather enough funds.
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                        Tykkilautta ja VMV-vene / Gannon-ferry and coast guard boat

Miinalaiva Ruotsinsalmi oli Suomen merivoimissa 1941–1974 palvellut miinalaiva, jonka sisaralus oli Riilahti.

Valmistus
Uusille miinalaivoille, Ruotsinsalmelle ja Riilahdelle, oli osoitettu rahoitus jo 1937, mutta ne myöhästyivät aiotusta aikataulustaan. Rahat käytettiin Mäkiluodon linnakkeen kasarmeihin. Ruotsinsalmi laskettiin lopulta vesille lokakuussa 1940. Palvelukseen alus otettiin 1941.

Alun perin luokan alusten tehtäväksi oli määritelty panssarilaivojen saattoraivaajina toimiminen, joten niiden syväys oli vain 1,5 metriä. Ruotsinsalmen aseistuksena oli yksi 75 mm, yksi 40 mm ja kaksi 20 mm tykkiä sekä kolme miinakiskoparia, joita varten oli noin sata miinaa. Sukellusveneiden torjuntaa varten sillä oli vesikuuntelulaitteita ja syvyyspommiheittimiä ja -pudottimia. Aluksella oli riittävästi tehoja raivauskaluston hinaamiseen. Itsensä ja muiden alusten suojaamista varten aluksella oli tehokkaat savugeneraattorit.
Jatkosodan meritaisteluissa
Ruotsinsalmi aloitti sisaraluksensa Riilahden kanssa Suomenlahden miinoittamisen 26. kesäkuuta 1941, heti jatkosodan sytyttyä. Alus oli laski sodan aikana 3 967 miinaa ja 541 raivausestettä.

Sodan jälkeen
Ruotsinsalmi palveli sodan jälkeen erilaatuisissa tehtävissä. Viimeksi se oli vuosina 1973 - 1975 sukeltajien emälaivana. Se soveltuikin tarkoitukseen huomattavan paljon paremmin kuin aiemmin käytetyt sekalaiset alukset.

Alus oli kuitenkin auttamattoman yli-ikäinen. Siinä oli 1970-luvulla jo kolmannet pääkoneet, alun perin Riilahteen tarkoitetut varakoneet.


Alus poistettiin palveluksesta 1975. Tämän jälkeen se oli pitkään varastoituna Upinniemessä, suunnitelmana museointi. Varoja tähän ei kuitenkaan lopulta löytynyt, ja Ruotsinsalmi romutettiin 1990-luvun alussa. Alus oli Pansion satamassa ainakin vuoteen 1979 asti, toiminnassa olevan miinalaiva Keihässalmen vieressä, satamapaikan oikeallapuolella.

                         Tykkilautta ja vartiovene / Cannon Ferry and patrol boats
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Miinalaiva Riilahti oli Suomen merivoimien miinalaiva vuosina 1940–1943 ja Ruotsinsalmen sisaralus. Alus oli nimetty Ruotsin ja Venäjän keisarikunnan laivastojen välisen Hangon edustalla vuonna 1714 käydyn Riilahden taistelun mukaan.

Valmistus
Uusille miinalaivoille, Riilahdelle ja Ruotsinsalmelle, oli osoitettu rahoitus jo 1937, mutta ne myöhästyivät aiotusta aikataulustaan. Rahat käytettiin Mäkiluodon linnakkeen kasarmeihin. Riilahti laskettiin lopulta vesille 14. joulukuuta 1940.
Alun perin alusluokan tehtäväksi oli määritelty panssarilaivojen saattoraivaajina toimiminen, joten niiden syväys oli vain 1,5 metriä. Riilahden aseistuksena oli yksi 75 mm, yksi 40 mm ja kaksi 20 mm tykkiä sekä kolme miinakiskoparia, joita varten oli noin sata miinaa. Sukellusveneiden torjuntaa varten sillä oli vesikuuntelulaitteita ja syvyyspommiheittimiä ja -pudottimia. 
Aluksella oli riittävästi tehoja raivauskaluston hinaamiseen. Itsensä ja muiden alusten suojaamista varten Riilahdella oli tehokkaat savugeneraattorit.

Aluksen päälliköksi määrättiin kapteeniluutnantti Osmo Kivilinna, joka toimi aluksen päällikkönä koko sen olemassaolon ajan.

Jatkosodan meritaisteluissa
Riilahti ja Ruotsinsalmi aloittivat Suomenlahden miinoittamisen 26. kesäkuuta 1941, heti Jatkosodan sytyttyä. Vuoden 1941 aikana Riilahti laski 850 miinaa ja 100 raivausestettä, joista suuren osan Jumindan miinasulkuun.

Vuonna 1941 alus myös kaappasi neuvostoliittolaisen proomun ja osallistui miinanraivausoperaatioon Hangon vuokra-alueen eteläpuolella. Kesällä 1942 alus laski 834 miinaa ja 444 raivausestettä lähinnä Suursaaren läheisyyteen. Neuvostojoukkojen noustua maihin Somerin saaressa 8. heinäkuuta 1942 hälytettiin Riilahti taistelupaikalle, jossa se kävi tykistötaisteluita Neuvostoliiton laivaston aluksia vastaan, antoi tulitukea saaren puolustajille ja torjui Neuvostoliiton ilmavoimien hyökkäyksiä. 
                                                           patrol boats
Taistelun aikana laskettiin 56 lentokoneen hyökänneen Riilahden kimppuun, mutta miehistön toiminnan ansiosta alus selvisi. Somerin taistelu päättyi suomalaisten voittoon.

8. maaliskuuta 1943 ylipäällikkö nimitti aluksen päällikön kapteeniluutnantti Osmo Kivilinnan Mannerheim-ristin ritariksi. Perusteista voinee mainita muun muassa sen, että kapteeniluutnantti Kivilinna oli suorittanut kaikki sotatoimensa aivan uudella ja uuden tyyppisellä aluksella, jonka ohjailuominaisuuksia ei kukaan tuntenut tarkasti. Aiemmin mainittujen operaatioiden lisäksi hän oli upottanut useita neuvostoliittolaisia sukellusveneitä.
                                        Rannikko vartio-vene / Coast guard boat

Viimeinen taistelu
Riilahti lähti sukellusveneentorjuntatehtävään Suursaaren länsipuolelle Loviisasta 22. elokuuta kello 5.30. Aluksen mukana oli vartiomoottorivene 1. Kello kaksi 23. elokuuta aluksen tähystäjä havaitsi lännessa Neuvostoliiton moottoritorpedoveneitä ja suoritti hälytyksen. 

Vahtiupseeri oli kuitenkin antanut aiemmin käskyn sammuttaa Riilahden koneet, jotta vesikuuntelijat kuulisivat paremmin sukellusveneiden ääniä. Ennen kuin miinalaiva sai koneensa käyntiin ja ohjailuvauhtia, moottoritorpedovene TK 94 ehti laukaista alusta kohti torpedon, joka osui aluksen vasempaan kylkeen ja katkaisi sen kahtia. Riilahti upposi kaksi minuuttia myöhemmin ja vei mukanaan 23 merisotilasta. 
                 Kuvahaun tulos haulle minelayer ruotsinsalmi
                                   VMV vene / Coast guard boat
Vartiomoottorivene 1 pelasti vedestä yksitoista miestä, joiden joukossa oli aluksen päällikkö, joka kuitenkin menehtyi myöhemmin vammoihinsa.


Riilahden hylky lepää viiden meripeninkulman päässä Tiiskeristä 70 metrin syvyydessä. Aluksen uppoaminen jätti aukon Merivoimien miinalaivakantaan, jonka vuonna 1957 valmistunut Keihässalmi paikkasi.
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Riilahti was a Ruotsinsalmi class minelayer of the Finnish Navy. Riilahti was commissioned in 1940 and sunk in 1943. The vessel was named after the battle of Riilahti, which was fought between Sweden and Russia in 1714.

Riilahti: Battle of Gangut 

Funding for two new minelayers had been secured as early as in 1937, but instead the money was used to refurbish the garrison at Mäkiluoto. Riilahti was launched on December 14, 1940, three weeks after her sister ship Ruotsinsalmi.
                   
                           coastguard / patrol boats

The ship had an extensively modified propulsion system and hull, compared to her sister vessel, and it took some time before the crew had figured out all the characteristics of the vessel.

Originally, the vessels were intended as escort minesweepers for the Finnish navy's coastal defence ships Ilmarinen and Väinämöinen, and they were therefore designed with a draft of only 1.5 m. Riilahti was armed with one 75 mm gun, one Bofors 40 mm guns and two Madsen 20 mm anti-aircraft cannons. The vessel had three mine dropping rails, and could carry about 100 mines. 
The ship could also hunt submarines, and was equipped with sonar, depth charge throwers and rails. The vessel was also strong enough to be ale to tow minesweeping equipment. She was equipped with smoke generators so she could protect itself, and other near-by vessels from the enemy.

Riilahti was commanded by kapteeniluutnantti Osmo Kivilinna during her entire career.


Riilahti 18 June 1942.jpg
Riilahti in 1942
Career (Finland)Naval Ensign of Finland.svg
Name:Riilahti
Namesake:Battle of Riilahti (1714)
Builder:Wärtsilä Crichton-Vulcan
Launched:14 December 1940
Fate:Torpedoed and sunk 23 August 1943
General characteristics
Class and type:Ruotsinsalmi-class
Displacement:310 t
Length:50.0 m (164.0 ft)
Beam:7.9 m (26 ft)
Draught:1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)
Propulsion:2 × MAN diesel (894 kW)
later
2 × Rateau diesel (835 kW)
Speed:15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Armament:[design]
1 × 75 mm
1 × 40 mm Bofors
2 × 20 mm/60 cal Madsen anti-aircraft cannons
About 100 mines (3 mine laying rails)
Depth charge launchers
Smoke generators
Riilahti during the Continuation War
Riilahti and Ruotsinsalmi began mining the Gulf of Finland on June 26, 1941, immediately after the outbreak of the Continuation War. Riilahti launched almost 1,000 sea mines during 1941, most of them in the Juminda minefield.

In 1941, Riilahti managed to seize control of a Soviet barge and participated in minesweeping operations south of the Hanko Peninsula.

In the summer of 1942, Riilahti laid numerous mines near Hogland.

Riilahti was sent as reinforcement to the island of Someri on 8 July 1942, when the Russians tried to land and take the island. She was involved in artillery duels with ships from the Soviet Navy, gave fire support to the Finnish defenders on the island and fended of several air attacks. The vessel counted 56 aircraft attacking her, but she survived, thanks to the gallantry of her crew. The island was held by the Finnish defenders.
The Marshal of Finland, Mannerheim awarded the Mannerheim Cross to Osmo Kivilinna on 8 March 1943, citing the war record of the ship, whose characteristics still were not all known. The ship had also previously sunk the Soviet submarine Shch-406 together with some German patrol vessels on 26 May 1943.
                 
The last battle
On August 22, 1943 at 5.30 am, Riilahti set out from Loviisa on an anti-submarine mission west of Hogland. The patrol vessel VMV 1 followed her on the journey. 
At 2 pm on August 23 an outlook spotted two Soviet motor torpedo boats and sounded the alarm. The officer on duty had previously ordered the engines to be stopped so that the sonar operators easier could listen for submarine sounds. While the vessel tried to start her engines and reach steering power, the Soviet motor torpedo boat TK 94 fired a torpedo, which struck Riilahti amidships and broke her in two. Riilahti sunk in two minutes, taking with her 23 of her crew. VMV 1 saved eleven men from the water, one being the commander of the ship, and Mannerheim knight Osmo Kivilinna. He later died from his wounds on the operating table.
This was one of the most significant single losses during the war years; Kivinlinna was a very well-liked officer, and it was widely believed that he could become the first full Admiral of the Finnish Navy.

The wreck of Riilahti lies five nautical miles from the island of Tiiskeri at a depth 
of 70 m. The loss of Riilahti left the Finnish Navy with a gap in their mine warfare capabilities. This was addressed with the launching of the Keihässalmi in 1957.

The third engine, which had been ordered, but not yet fitted on the Riilahti was instead fitted onto the sister vessel Ruotsinsalmi.

Riilahti laid 1,733 sea mines and 599 obstacles during her career.

5 kommenttia:

  1. Looks like a fine boat,but a tragic story

    VastaaPoista
    Vastaukset
    1. Hi.
      I admit, a little sad is the story, the whole Finnish navy battle-power
      This range is suitable for biggest boats because Finland is many islands offshore (more than 100,000)
      Finland's its second largest in the island-world (178 947), only Canada is more, the Swedish third.

      Poista
    2. Here were also two large armored battleships and five submarines
      Of finland instead of these larger ships would have bought many new fighter plane
      benefit would have been much larger, and the lowest cost / or same prices

      Poista
    3. Ilmarinen was a Finnish Navy Panssarilaiva
      ("Armored ship"; a coastal defence ship by British classification).
      The unit was constructed at the Crichton-Vulcan shipyard in Turku, Finland,
      and named after the mythological hero Ilmarinen from the Finnish national epi, the Kalevala.
      Ilmarinen was the flagship of the Navy from 1 May 1933 until her demise on 13 September 1941.

      Kalevala epic was also the basis or some bottom author JRR Tolkien book story; the lord of the Rings.

      Poista
  2. Coastal defence ships were particularly popular in the Nordic countries , and began serving in the navies of Denmark , Sweden and Norway early in the 20th century. These vessels typically had heavy armament and good armor protection , but were relatively slow. Their sizes were around 4,000 tons, main armament consisted of guns between 210 and 240mm, the armor corresponded to that of armoured cruisers, and speeds were between 15 and 18 knots.

    A coastal defence ship was somewhere between a cruiser and a monitor: slower than a cruiser but better armed, faster than a monitor, but with smaller guns. The coastal defence ships also varied among themselves; some of them were closer to cruisers, and others, such as the Finnish ones, were closer to monitors.

    Being the second of her class, Ilmarinen was launched at the Turku shipyard on 9 September 1933. The ship went through its finishing trials and was handed over to the Finnish Navy on 17 April 1934. Her sister ship Väinämöinen had preceded her by two years.

    VastaaPoista

Any explosive ammunition or empty cores, you can put in this.